dss.c: Fix initialization of argv[].
[dss.git] / dss.c
diff --git a/dss.c b/dss.c
index ad62c3c04bdb1f937b41d07a860a0007589e3fe4..7c8b54fc6a0502d0a2ab983b5bc8ff3d33e0bda2 100644 (file)
--- a/dss.c
+++ b/dss.c
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (C) 2008 Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2011 Andre Noll <maan@systemlinux.org>
  *
  * Licensed under the GPL v2. For licencing details see COPYING.
  */
@@ -40,28 +40,130 @@ static struct gengetopt_args_info conf;
 static FILE *logfile;
 /** The read end of the signal pipe */
 static int signal_pipe;
-/** Process id of current rsync process. */
-static pid_t rsync_pid;
-/** Whether the rsync process is currently stopped */
-static int rsync_stopped;
-/** Process id of current rm process. */
-static pid_t rm_pid;
+/** Process id of current pre-create-hook/rsync/post-create-hook process. */
+static pid_t create_pid;
+/** Whether the pre-create-hook/rsync/post-create-hook is currently stopped. */
+static int create_process_stopped;
+/** Process id of current pre-remove/rm/post-remove process. */
+static pid_t remove_pid;
 /** When the next snapshot is due. */
-static struct timeval next_snapshot_time;
-/** The pid of the pre-create hook. */
-static pid_t pre_create_hook_pid;
-/** The pid of the post-create hook. */
-static pid_t post_create_hook_pid;
+static int64_t next_snapshot_time;
+/** When to try to remove something. */
+static struct timeval next_removal_check;
 /** Creation time of the snapshot currently being created. */
 static int64_t current_snapshot_creation_time;
+/** The snapshot currently being removed. */
+struct snapshot *snapshot_currently_being_removed;
 /** Needed by the post-create hook. */
 static char *path_to_last_complete_snapshot;
+static char *name_of_reference_snapshot;
 /** \sa \ref snap.h for details. */
-static unsigned snapshot_creation_status;
+enum hook_status snapshot_creation_status;
+/** \sa \ref snap.h for details. */
+enum hook_status snapshot_removal_status;
 
 
 DEFINE_DSS_ERRLIST;
+static const char *hook_status_description[] = {HOOK_STATUS_ARRAY};
+
+/* may be called with ds == NULL. */
+static int disk_space_low(struct disk_space *ds)
+{
+       struct disk_space ds_struct;
+
+       if (!ds) {
+               int ret = get_disk_space(".", &ds_struct);
+               if (ret < 0)
+                       return ret;
+               ds = &ds_struct;
+       }
+       if (conf.min_free_mb_arg)
+               if (ds->free_mb < conf.min_free_mb_arg)
+                       return 1;
+       if (conf.min_free_percent_arg)
+               if (ds->percent_free < conf.min_free_percent_arg)
+                       return 1;
+       if (conf.min_free_percent_inodes_arg)
+               if (ds->percent_free_inodes < conf.min_free_percent_inodes_arg)
+                       return 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void dump_dss_config(const char *msg)
+{
+       const char dash[] = "-----------------------------";
+       int ret;
+       FILE *log = logfile? logfile : stderr;
+       struct disk_space ds;
+       int64_t now = get_current_time();
+
+       if (conf.loglevel_arg > INFO)
+               return;
+
+       fprintf(log, "%s <%s config> %s\n", dash, msg, dash);
+       fprintf(log, "\n*** disk space ***\n\n");
+       ret = get_disk_space(".", &ds);
+       if (ret >= 0) {
+               DSS_INFO_LOG("disk space low: %s\n", disk_space_low(&ds)?
+                       "yes" : "no");
+               log_disk_space(&ds);
+       } else
+               DSS_ERROR_LOG("can not get free disk space: %s\n",
+                       dss_strerror(-ret));
+
+       /* we continue on errors from get_disk_space */
+
+       fprintf(log, "\n*** command line and config file options ***\n\n");
+       cmdline_parser_dump(log, &conf);
+       fprintf(log, "\n*** internal state ***\n\n");
+       fprintf(log,
+               "pid: %d\n"
+               "logile: %s\n"
+               "snapshot_currently_being_removed: %s\n"
+               "path_to_last_complete_snapshot: %s\n"
+               "reference_snapshot: %s\n"
+               "snapshot_creation_status: %s\n"
+               "snapshot_removal_status: %s\n"
+               ,
+               (int) getpid(),
+               logfile? conf.logfile_arg : "stderr",
+               snapshot_currently_being_removed?
+                       snapshot_currently_being_removed->name : "(none)",
+               path_to_last_complete_snapshot?
+                       path_to_last_complete_snapshot : "(none)",
+               name_of_reference_snapshot?
+                       name_of_reference_snapshot : "(none)",
+               hook_status_description[snapshot_creation_status],
+               hook_status_description[snapshot_removal_status]
+       );
+       if (create_pid != 0)
+               fprintf(log,
+                       "create_pid: %" PRId32 "\n"
+                       "create process is %sstopped\n"
+                       ,
+                       create_pid,
+                       create_process_stopped? "" : "not "
+               );
+       if (remove_pid != 0)
+               fprintf(log, "remove_pid: %" PRId32 "\n", remove_pid);
+       if (next_snapshot_time != 0)
+               fprintf(log, "next snapshot due in %" PRId64 " seconds\n",
+                       next_snapshot_time - now);
+       if (current_snapshot_creation_time != 0)
+               fprintf(log, "current_snapshot_creation_time: %"
+                       PRId64 " (%" PRId64 " seconds ago)\n",
+                       current_snapshot_creation_time,
+                       now - current_snapshot_creation_time
+               );
+       if (next_removal_check.tv_sec != 0) {
+               fprintf(log, "next removal check: %llu (%llu seconds ago)\n",
+                       (long long unsigned)next_removal_check.tv_sec,
+                       now - (long long unsigned)next_removal_check.tv_sec
+               );
 
+       }
+       fprintf(log, "%s </%s config> %s\n", dash, msg, dash);
+}
 
 /* a litte cpp magic helps to DRY */
 #define COMMANDS \
@@ -124,43 +226,21 @@ static __printf_1_2 void dss_msg(const char* fmt,...)
        va_end(argp);
 }
 
-static int disk_space_low(void)
-{
-       struct disk_space ds;
-       int ret = get_disk_space(".", &ds);
-
-       if (ret < 0)
-               return ret;
-       if (conf.min_free_mb_arg)
-               if (ds.free_mb < conf.min_free_mb_arg)
-                       return 1;
-       if (conf.min_free_percent_arg)
-               if (ds.percent_free < conf.min_free_percent_arg)
-                       return 1;
-       if (conf.min_free_percent_inodes_arg)
-               if (ds.percent_free_inodes < conf.min_free_percent_inodes_arg)
-                       return 1;
-       return 0;
-}
-
 static void dss_get_snapshot_list(struct snapshot_list *sl)
 {
        get_snapshot_list(sl, conf.unit_interval_arg, conf.num_intervals_arg);
 }
 
-static void compute_next_snapshot_time(void)
+static int64_t compute_next_snapshot_time(void)
 {
-       struct timeval now, unit_interval = {.tv_sec = 24 * 3600 * conf.unit_interval_arg},
-               tmp, diff;
-       int64_t x = 0;
+       int64_t x = 0, now = get_current_time(), unit_interval
+               = 24 * 3600 * conf.unit_interval_arg, ret;
        unsigned wanted = desired_number_of_snapshots(0, conf.num_intervals_arg),
                num_complete_snapshots = 0;
-       int i, ret;
+       int i;
        struct snapshot *s = NULL;
        struct snapshot_list sl;
 
-       assert(snapshot_creation_status == SCS_READY);
-       current_snapshot_creation_time = 0;
        dss_get_snapshot_list(&sl);
        FOR_EACH_SNAPSHOT(s, i, &sl) {
                if (!(s->flags & SS_COMPLETE))
@@ -169,42 +249,98 @@ static void compute_next_snapshot_time(void)
                x += s->completion_time - s->creation_time;
        }
        assert(x >= 0);
-       if (num_complete_snapshots)
-               x /= num_complete_snapshots; /* avg time to create one snapshot */
-       x *= wanted; /* time to create all snapshots in interval 0 */
-       tmp.tv_sec = x;
-       tmp.tv_usec = 0;
-       ret = tv_diff(&unit_interval, &tmp, &diff); /* total sleep time per unit interval */
-       if (ret < 0 || !s) /* unit_interval < tmp or no snapshot */
-               goto min_sleep;
-       tv_divide(wanted, &diff, &tmp); /* sleep time betweeen two snapshots */
-       diff.tv_sec = s->completion_time; /* completion time of the the latest snaphot */
-       diff.tv_usec = 0;
-       tv_add(&diff, &tmp, &next_snapshot_time);
-       gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-       if (tv_diff(&now, &next_snapshot_time, NULL) < 0)
+
+       ret = now;
+       if (num_complete_snapshots == 0)
+               goto out;
+       x /= num_complete_snapshots; /* avg time to create one snapshot */
+       if (unit_interval < x * wanted) /* oops, no sleep at all */
                goto out;
-min_sleep:
-       next_snapshot_time = now;
-       next_snapshot_time.tv_sec += 60;
+       ret = s->completion_time + unit_interval / wanted - x;
 out:
        free_snapshot_list(&sl);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static inline void invalidate_next_snapshot_time(void)
+{
+       next_snapshot_time = 0;
 }
 
+static inline int next_snapshot_time_is_valid(void)
+{
+       return next_snapshot_time != 0;
+}
+
+static int next_snapshot_is_due(void)
+{
+       int64_t now = get_current_time();
+
+       if (!next_snapshot_time_is_valid())
+               next_snapshot_time = compute_next_snapshot_time();
+       if (next_snapshot_time <= now) {
+               DSS_DEBUG_LOG("next snapshot: now\n");
+               return 1;
+       }
+       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("next snapshot due in %" PRId64 " seconds\n",
+               next_snapshot_time - now);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void pre_create_hook(void)
+{
+       assert(snapshot_creation_status == HS_READY);
+       /* make sure that the next snapshot time will be recomputed */
+       invalidate_next_snapshot_time();
+       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("executing %s\n", conf.pre_create_hook_arg);
+       dss_exec_cmdline_pid(&create_pid, conf.pre_create_hook_arg);
+       snapshot_creation_status = HS_PRE_RUNNING;
+}
+
+static void pre_remove_hook(struct snapshot *s, const char *why)
+{
+       char *cmd;
+
+       if (!s)
+               return;
+       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("%s snapshot %s\n", why, s->name);
+       assert(snapshot_removal_status == HS_READY);
+       assert(remove_pid == 0);
+       assert(!snapshot_currently_being_removed);
+
+       snapshot_currently_being_removed = dss_malloc(sizeof(struct snapshot));
+       *snapshot_currently_being_removed = *s;
+       snapshot_currently_being_removed->name = dss_strdup(s->name);
+
+       cmd = make_message("%s %s/%s", conf.pre_remove_hook_arg,
+               conf.dest_dir_arg, s->name);
+       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("executing %s\n", cmd);
+       dss_exec_cmdline_pid(&remove_pid, cmd);
+       free(cmd);
+       snapshot_removal_status = HS_PRE_RUNNING;
+}
 
-static int remove_snapshot(struct snapshot *s, char *why)
+static int exec_rm(void)
 {
-       int fds[3] = {0, 0, 0};
-       assert(!rm_pid);
+       struct snapshot *s = snapshot_currently_being_removed;
        char *new_name = being_deleted_name(s);
-       int ret = dss_rename(s->name, new_name);
-       char *argv[] = {"rm", "-rf", new_name, NULL};
+       char *argv[4];
+       int ret;
+
+       argv[0] = "rm";
+       argv[1] = "-rf";
+       argv[2] = new_name;
+       argv[3] = NULL;
 
+       assert(snapshot_removal_status == HS_PRE_SUCCESS);
+       assert(remove_pid == 0);
+
+       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("removing %s (interval = %i)\n", s->name, s->interval);
+       ret = dss_rename(s->name, new_name);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
-       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("removing %s snapshot %s (interval = %i)\n",
-               why, s->name, s->interval);
-       ret = dss_exec(&rm_pid, argv[0], argv, fds);
+       dss_exec(&remove_pid, argv[0], argv);
+       snapshot_removal_status = HS_RUNNING;
 out:
        free(new_name);
        return ret;
@@ -215,12 +351,53 @@ static int snapshot_is_being_created(struct snapshot *s)
        return s->creation_time == current_snapshot_creation_time;
 }
 
+static struct snapshot *find_orphaned_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
+{
+       struct snapshot *s;
+       int i;
+
+       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("looking for orphaned snapshots\n");
+       FOR_EACH_SNAPSHOT(s, i, sl) {
+               if (snapshot_is_being_created(s))
+                       continue;
+               /*
+                * We know that no rm is currently running, so if s is marked
+                * as being deleted, a previously started rm must have failed.
+                */
+               if (s->flags & SS_BEING_DELETED)
+                       return s;
+
+               if (s->flags & SS_COMPLETE) /* good snapshot */
+                       continue;
+               /*
+                * This snapshot is incomplete and it is not the snapshot
+                * currently being created. However, we must not remove it if
+                * rsync is about to be restarted. As only the newest snapshot
+                * can be restarted, this snapshot is orphaned if it is not the
+                * newest snapshot or if we are not about to restart rsync.
+                */
+               if (get_newest_snapshot(sl) != s)
+                       return s;
+               if (snapshot_creation_status != HS_NEEDS_RESTART)
+                       return s;
+       }
+       /* no orphaned snapshots */
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static int is_reference_snapshot(struct snapshot *s)
+{
+       if (!name_of_reference_snapshot)
+               return 0;
+       return strcmp(s->name, name_of_reference_snapshot)? 0 : 1;
+}
+
 /*
  * return: 0: no redundant snapshots, 1: rm process started, negative: error
  */
-static int remove_redundant_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
+static struct snapshot *find_redundant_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
 {
-       int ret, i, interval;
+       int i, interval;
        struct snapshot *s;
        unsigned missing = 0;
 
@@ -243,6 +420,8 @@ static int remove_redundant_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
 
                        if (snapshot_is_being_created(s))
                                continue;
+                       if (is_reference_snapshot(s))
+                               continue;
                        //DSS_DEBUG_LOG("checking %s\n", s->name);
                        if (s->interval > interval) {
                                prev = s;
@@ -267,52 +446,43 @@ static int remove_redundant_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
                        prev = s;
                }
                assert(victim);
-               if (conf.dry_run_given) {
-                       dss_msg("%s would be removed (interval = %i)\n",
-                               victim->name, victim->interval);
-                       continue;
-               }
-               ret = remove_snapshot(victim, "redundant");
-               return ret < 0? ret : 1;
+               return victim;
        }
-       return 0;
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static int remove_outdated_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
+static struct snapshot *find_outdated_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
 {
-       int i, ret;
+       int i;
        struct snapshot *s;
 
-       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("looking for snapshots belonging to intervals greater than %d\n",
+       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("looking for snapshots belonging to intervals >= %d\n",
                conf.num_intervals_arg);
        FOR_EACH_SNAPSHOT(s, i, sl) {
                if (snapshot_is_being_created(s))
                        continue;
-               if (s->interval <= conf.num_intervals_arg)
+               if (is_reference_snapshot(s))
                        continue;
-               if (conf.dry_run_given) {
-                       dss_msg("%s would be removed (interval = %i)\n",
-                               s->name, s->interval);
+               if (s->interval < conf.num_intervals_arg)
                        continue;
-               }
-               ret = remove_snapshot(s, "outdated");
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       return ret;
-               return 1;
+               return s;
        }
-       return 0;
+       return NULL;
 }
 
-static int remove_oldest_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
+struct snapshot *find_oldest_removable_snapshot(struct snapshot_list *sl)
 {
-       struct snapshot *s = get_oldest_snapshot(sl);
-
-       if (!s) /* no snapshot found */
-               return 0;
-       DSS_INFO_LOG("oldest snapshot: %s\n", s->name);
-       if (snapshot_is_being_created(s))
-               return 0;
-       return remove_snapshot(s, "oldest");
+       int i;
+       struct snapshot *s;
+       FOR_EACH_SNAPSHOT(s, i, sl) {
+               if (snapshot_is_being_created(s))
+                       continue;
+               if (is_reference_snapshot(s))
+                       continue;
+               DSS_INFO_LOG("oldest removable snapshot: %s\n", s->name);
+               return s;
+       }
+       return NULL;
 }
 
 static int rename_incomplete_snapshot(int64_t start)
@@ -334,98 +504,133 @@ static int rename_incomplete_snapshot(int64_t start)
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int try_to_free_disk_space(int low_disk_space)
+static int try_to_free_disk_space(void)
 {
        int ret;
        struct snapshot_list sl;
+       struct snapshot *victim;
+       struct timeval now;
+       const char *why;
+       int low_disk_space;
 
-       if (!low_disk_space && conf.keep_redundant_given)
+       ret = disk_space_low(NULL);
+       if (ret < 0)
+               return ret;
+       low_disk_space = ret;
+       gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
+       if (tv_diff(&next_removal_check, &now, NULL) > 0)
                return 0;
+       if (!low_disk_space) {
+               if (conf.keep_redundant_given)
+                       return 0;
+               if (snapshot_creation_status != HS_READY)
+                       return 0;
+               if (next_snapshot_is_due())
+                       return 0;
+       }
        dss_get_snapshot_list(&sl);
-       ret = remove_outdated_snapshot(&sl);
-       if (ret) /* error, or we are removing something */
-               goto out;
-       /* no outdated snapshot */
-       ret = remove_redundant_snapshot(&sl);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
        ret = 0;
+       if (!low_disk_space && sl.num_snapshots <= 1)
+               goto out;
+       why = "outdated";
+       victim = find_outdated_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (victim)
+               goto remove;
+       why = "redundant";
+       victim = find_redundant_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (victim)
+               goto remove;
+       /* try harder only if disk space is low */
        if (!low_disk_space)
                goto out;
+       why = "orphaned";
+       victim = find_orphaned_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (victim)
+               goto remove;
        DSS_WARNING_LOG("disk space low and nothing obvious to remove\n");
-       ret = remove_oldest_snapshot(&sl);
-       if (ret)
-               goto out;
-       DSS_CRIT_LOG("uhuhu: not enough disk space for a single snapshot\n");
+       victim = find_oldest_removable_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (victim)
+               goto remove;
+       DSS_CRIT_LOG("uhuhu: disk space low and nothing to remove\n");
        ret = -ERRNO_TO_DSS_ERROR(ENOSPC);
+       goto out;
+remove:
+       pre_remove_hook(victim, why);
 out:
        free_snapshot_list(&sl);
        return ret;
 }
 
-static int pre_create_hook(void)
+static void post_create_hook(void)
 {
-       int ret, fds[3] = {0, 0, 0};
-
-       if (!conf.pre_create_hook_given) {
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_PRE_HOOK_SUCCESS;
-               return 0;
-       }
-       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("executing %s\n", conf.pre_create_hook_arg);
-       ret = dss_exec_cmdline_pid(&pre_create_hook_pid,
-               conf.pre_create_hook_arg, fds);
-       if (ret < 0)
-               return ret;
-       snapshot_creation_status = SCS_PRE_HOOK_RUNNING;
-       return ret;
+       char *cmd = make_message("%s %s/%s", conf.post_create_hook_arg,
+               conf.dest_dir_arg, path_to_last_complete_snapshot);
+       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("executing %s\n", cmd);
+       dss_exec_cmdline_pid(&create_pid, cmd);
+       free(cmd);
+       snapshot_creation_status = HS_POST_RUNNING;
 }
 
-static int post_create_hook(void)
+static void post_remove_hook(void)
 {
-       int ret, fds[3] = {0, 0, 0};
        char *cmd;
+       struct snapshot *s = snapshot_currently_being_removed;
 
-       if (!conf.post_create_hook_given) {
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_READY;
-               compute_next_snapshot_time();
-               return 0;
-       }
-       cmd = make_message("%s %s/%s", conf.post_create_hook_arg,
-               conf.dest_dir_arg, path_to_last_complete_snapshot);
+       assert(s);
+
+       cmd = make_message("%s %s/%s", conf.post_remove_hook_arg,
+               conf.dest_dir_arg, s->name);
        DSS_NOTICE_LOG("executing %s\n", cmd);
-       ret = dss_exec_cmdline_pid(&post_create_hook_pid, cmd, fds);
+       dss_exec_cmdline_pid(&remove_pid, cmd);
        free(cmd);
-       if (ret < 0)
-               return ret;
-       snapshot_creation_status = SCS_POST_HOOK_RUNNING;
-       return ret;
+       snapshot_removal_status = HS_POST_RUNNING;
 }
 
-static void kill_process(pid_t pid)
+static void dss_kill(pid_t pid, int sig, const char *msg)
 {
-       if (!pid)
+       const char *signame, *process_name;
+
+       if (pid == 0)
+               return;
+       switch (sig) {
+       case SIGTERM: signame = "TERM"; break;
+       case SIGSTOP: signame = "STOP"; break;
+       case SIGCONT: signame = "CONT"; break;
+       default: signame = "????";
+       }
+
+       if (pid == create_pid)
+               process_name = "create";
+       else if (pid == remove_pid)
+               process_name = "remove";
+       else process_name = "??????";
+
+       if (msg)
+               DSS_INFO_LOG("%s\n", msg);
+       DSS_DEBUG_LOG("sending signal %d (%s) to pid %d (%s process)\n",
+               sig, signame, (int)pid, process_name);
+       if (kill(pid, sig) >= 0)
                return;
-       DSS_WARNING_LOG("sending SIGTERM to pid %d\n", (int)pid);
-       kill(pid, SIGTERM);
+       DSS_INFO_LOG("failed to send signal %d (%s) to pid %d (%s process)\n",
+               sig, signame, (int)pid, process_name);
 }
 
-static void stop_rsync_process(void)
+static void stop_create_process(void)
 {
-       if (!rsync_pid || rsync_stopped)
+       if (create_process_stopped)
                return;
-       kill(SIGSTOP, rsync_pid);
-       rsync_stopped = 1;
+       dss_kill(create_pid, SIGSTOP, "suspending create process");
+       create_process_stopped = 1;
 }
 
-static void restart_rsync_process(void)
+static void restart_create_process(void)
 {
-       if (!rsync_pid || !rsync_stopped)
+       if (!create_process_stopped)
                return;
-       kill (SIGCONT, rsync_pid);
-       rsync_stopped = 0;
+       dss_kill(create_pid, SIGCONT, "resuming create process");
+       create_process_stopped = 0;
 }
 
-
 /**
  * Print a log message about the exit status of a child.
  */
@@ -467,8 +672,7 @@ static int wait_for_process(pid_t pid, int *status)
                        }
                }
                /* SIGINT or SIGTERM */
-               DSS_WARNING_LOG("sending SIGTERM to pid %d\n", (int)pid);
-               kill(pid, SIGTERM);
+               dss_kill(pid, SIGTERM, "killing child process");
        }
        if (ret < 0)
                DSS_ERROR_LOG("failed to wait for process %d\n", (int)pid);
@@ -477,23 +681,80 @@ static int wait_for_process(pid_t pid, int *status)
        return ret;
 }
 
+static void handle_pre_remove_exit(int status)
+{
+       if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) != 0) {
+               snapshot_removal_status = HS_READY;
+               gettimeofday(&next_removal_check, NULL);
+               next_removal_check.tv_sec += 60;
+               return;
+       }
+       snapshot_removal_status = HS_PRE_SUCCESS;
+}
+
 static int handle_rm_exit(int status)
 {
-       rm_pid = 0;
-       if (!WIFEXITED(status))
+       if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
+               snapshot_removal_status = HS_READY;
                return -E_INVOLUNTARY_EXIT;
-       if (WEXITSTATUS(status))
+       }
+       if (WEXITSTATUS(status)) {
+               snapshot_removal_status = HS_READY;
                return -E_BAD_EXIT_CODE;
+       }
+       snapshot_removal_status = HS_SUCCESS;
        return 1;
 }
 
-static int wait_for_rm_process(void)
+static void handle_post_remove_exit(void)
+{
+       snapshot_removal_status = HS_READY;
+}
+
+static int handle_remove_exit(int status)
 {
-       int status, ret = wait_for_process(rm_pid, &status);
+       int ret;
+       struct snapshot *s = snapshot_currently_being_removed;
+
+       assert(s);
+       switch (snapshot_removal_status) {
+       case HS_PRE_RUNNING:
+               handle_pre_remove_exit(status);
+               ret = 1;
+               break;
+       case HS_RUNNING:
+               ret = handle_rm_exit(status);
+               break;
+       case HS_POST_RUNNING:
+               handle_post_remove_exit();
+               ret = 1;
+               break;
+       default:
+               ret = -E_BUG;
+       }
+       if (snapshot_removal_status == HS_READY) {
+               free(s->name);
+               free(s);
+               snapshot_currently_being_removed = NULL;
+       }
+       remove_pid = 0;
+       return ret;
+}
 
+static int wait_for_remove_process(void)
+{
+       int status, ret;
+
+       assert(remove_pid);
+       assert(
+               snapshot_removal_status == HS_PRE_RUNNING ||
+               snapshot_removal_status == HS_RUNNING ||
+               snapshot_removal_status == HS_POST_RUNNING
+       );
+       ret = wait_for_process(remove_pid, &status);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
-       return handle_rm_exit(status);
+       return handle_remove_exit(status);
 }
 
 static int handle_rsync_exit(int status)
@@ -501,60 +762,69 @@ static int handle_rsync_exit(int status)
        int es, ret;
 
        if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
-               DSS_ERROR_LOG("rsync process %d died involuntary\n", (int)rsync_pid);
+               DSS_ERROR_LOG("rsync process %d died involuntary\n", (int)create_pid);
                ret = -E_INVOLUNTARY_EXIT;
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_READY;
-               compute_next_snapshot_time();
+               snapshot_creation_status = HS_READY;
                goto out;
        }
        es = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-       if (es == 13) { /* Errors with program diagnostics */
+       /*
+        * Restart rsync on non-fatal errors:
+        * 12: Error in rsync protocol data stream
+        * 13: Errors with program diagnostics
+        */
+       if (es == 12 || es == 13) {
                DSS_WARNING_LOG("rsync process %d returned %d -- restarting\n",
-                       (int)rsync_pid, es);
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_RSYNC_NEEDS_RESTART;
-               gettimeofday(&next_snapshot_time, NULL);
-               next_snapshot_time.tv_sec += 60;
+                       (int)create_pid, es);
+               snapshot_creation_status = HS_NEEDS_RESTART;
+               next_snapshot_time = get_current_time() + 60;
                ret = 1;
                goto out;
        }
        if (es != 0 && es != 23 && es != 24) {
-               DSS_ERROR_LOG("rsync process %d returned %d\n", (int)rsync_pid, es);
+               DSS_ERROR_LOG("rsync process %d returned %d\n", (int)create_pid, es);
                ret = -E_BAD_EXIT_CODE;
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_READY;
-               compute_next_snapshot_time();
+               snapshot_creation_status = HS_READY;
                goto out;
        }
        ret = rename_incomplete_snapshot(current_snapshot_creation_time);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
-       snapshot_creation_status = SCS_RSYNC_SUCCESS;
+       snapshot_creation_status = HS_SUCCESS;
+       free(name_of_reference_snapshot);
+       name_of_reference_snapshot = NULL;
 out:
-       rsync_pid = 0;
-       rsync_stopped = 0;
+       create_process_stopped = 0;
        return ret;
 }
 
 static int handle_pre_create_hook_exit(int status)
 {
        int es, ret;
+       static int warn_count;
 
        if (!WIFEXITED(status)) {
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_READY;
-               compute_next_snapshot_time();
+               snapshot_creation_status = HS_READY;
                ret = -E_INVOLUNTARY_EXIT;
                goto out;
        }
        es = WEXITSTATUS(status);
        if (es) {
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_READY;
-               compute_next_snapshot_time();
-               ret = -E_BAD_EXIT_CODE;
+               if (!warn_count--) {
+                       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("pre_create_hook %s returned %d\n",
+                               conf.pre_create_hook_arg, es);
+                       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("deferring snapshot creation...\n");
+                       warn_count = 60; /* warn only once per hour */
+               }
+               next_snapshot_time = get_current_time() + 60;
+               snapshot_creation_status = HS_READY;
+               ret = 0;
                goto out;
        }
-       snapshot_creation_status = SCS_PRE_HOOK_SUCCESS;
+       warn_count = 0;
+       snapshot_creation_status = HS_PRE_SUCCESS;
        ret = 1;
 out:
-       pre_create_hook_pid = 0;
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -565,16 +835,32 @@ static int handle_sigchld(void)
 
        if (ret <= 0)
                return ret;
-       if (pid == rsync_pid)
-               return handle_rsync_exit(status);
-       if (pid == rm_pid)
-               return handle_rm_exit(status);
-       if (pid == pre_create_hook_pid)
-               return handle_pre_create_hook_exit(status);
-       if (pid == post_create_hook_pid) {
-               snapshot_creation_status = SCS_READY;
-               compute_next_snapshot_time();
-               return 1;
+
+       if (pid == create_pid) {
+               switch (snapshot_creation_status) {
+               case HS_PRE_RUNNING:
+                       ret = handle_pre_create_hook_exit(status);
+                       break;
+               case HS_RUNNING:
+                       ret = handle_rsync_exit(status);
+                       break;
+               case HS_POST_RUNNING:
+                       snapshot_creation_status = HS_READY;
+                       ret = 1;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       DSS_EMERG_LOG("BUG: create can't die in status %d\n",
+                               snapshot_creation_status);
+                       return -E_BUG;
+               }
+               create_pid = 0;
+               return ret;
+       }
+       if (pid == remove_pid) {
+               ret = handle_remove_exit(status);
+               if (ret < 0)
+                       return ret;
+               return ret;
        }
        DSS_EMERG_LOG("BUG: unknown process %d died\n", (int)pid);
        return -E_BUG;
@@ -595,9 +881,13 @@ static int check_config(void)
        return 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns < 0 on errors, 0 if no config file is given and > 0 if the config
+ * file was read successfully.
+ */
 static int parse_config_file(int override)
 {
-       int ret;
+       int ret, config_file_exists;
        char *config_file;
        struct stat statbuf;
        char *old_logfile_arg = NULL;
@@ -616,13 +906,13 @@ static int parse_config_file(int override)
                old_daemon_given = conf.daemon_given;
        }
 
-       ret = stat(config_file, &statbuf);
-       if (ret && conf.config_file_given) {
+       config_file_exists = !stat(config_file, &statbuf);
+       if (!config_file_exists && conf.config_file_given) {
                ret = -ERRNO_TO_DSS_ERROR(errno);
                DSS_ERROR_LOG("failed to stat config file %s\n", config_file);
                goto out;
        }
-       if (!ret) {
+       if (config_file_exists) {
                struct cmdline_parser_params params = {
                        .override = override,
                        .initialize = 0,
@@ -656,12 +946,12 @@ static int parse_config_file(int override)
                        conf.logfile_given = 1;
                }
        }
-       if (conf.logfile_given) {
+       if (conf.logfile_given && conf.run_given && conf.daemon_given) {
                logfile = open_log(conf.logfile_arg);
                log_welcome(conf.loglevel_arg);
        }
        DSS_DEBUG_LOG("loglevel: %d\n", conf.loglevel_arg);
-//     cmdline_parser_dump(logfile? logfile : stdout, &conf);
+       ret = config_file_exists;
 out:
        free(config_file);
        if (ret < 0)
@@ -679,10 +969,13 @@ static int handle_sighup(void)
 {
        int ret;
 
-       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("SIGHUP\n");
+       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("SIGHUP, re-reading config\n");
+       dump_dss_config("old");
        ret = parse_config_file(1);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
+       dump_dss_config("reloaded");
+       invalidate_next_snapshot_time();
        return change_to_dest_dir();
 }
 
@@ -696,9 +989,9 @@ static int handle_signal(void)
        switch (sig) {
        case SIGINT:
        case SIGTERM:
-               restart_rsync_process();
-               kill_process(rsync_pid);
-               kill_process(rm_pid);
+               restart_create_process();
+               dss_kill(create_pid, SIGTERM, NULL);
+               dss_kill(remove_pid, SIGTERM, NULL);
                ret = -E_SIGNAL;
                break;
        case SIGHUP:
@@ -729,14 +1022,67 @@ static int use_rsync_locally(char *logname)
        return 1;
 }
 
+static int rename_resume_snap(int64_t creation_time)
+{
+       struct snapshot_list sl = {.num_snapshots = 0};
+       struct snapshot *s = NULL;
+       char *new_name = incomplete_name(creation_time);
+       int ret;
+       const char *why;
+
+       ret = 0;
+       if (conf.no_resume_given)
+               goto out;
+       dss_get_snapshot_list(&sl);
+       /*
+        * Snapshot recycling: We first look at the newest snapshot. If this
+        * snapshot happens to be incomplete, the last rsync process was
+        * aborted and we reuse this one. Otherwise we look at snapshots which
+        * could be removed (outdated and redundant snapshots) as candidates
+        * for recycling. If no outdated/redundant snapshot exists, we check if
+        * there is an orphaned snapshot, which likely is useless anyway.
+        *
+        * Only if no existing snapshot is suitable for recycling, we bite the
+        * bullet and create a new one.
+        */
+       s = get_newest_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (!s) /* no snapshots at all */
+               goto out;
+       /* re-use last snapshot if it is incomplete */
+       why = "aborted";
+       if ((s->flags & SS_COMPLETE) == 0)
+               goto out;
+       why = "outdated";
+       s = find_outdated_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (s)
+               goto out;
+       why = "redundant";
+       s = find_redundant_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (s)
+               goto out;
+       why = "orphaned";
+       s = find_orphaned_snapshot(&sl);
+out:
+       if (s) {
+               DSS_INFO_LOG("reusing %s snapshot %s\n", why, s->name);
+               ret = dss_rename(s->name, new_name);
+       }
+       if (ret >= 0)
+               DSS_NOTICE_LOG("creating new snapshot %s\n", new_name);
+       free(new_name);
+       free_snapshot_list(&sl);
+       return ret;
+}
+
 static void create_rsync_argv(char ***argv, int64_t *num)
 {
-       char *logname, *newest;
+       char *logname;
        int i = 0, j;
        struct snapshot_list sl;
 
        dss_get_snapshot_list(&sl);
-       newest = name_of_newest_complete_snapshot(&sl);
+       assert(!name_of_reference_snapshot);
+       name_of_reference_snapshot = name_of_newest_complete_snapshot(&sl);
        free_snapshot_list(&sl);
 
        *argv = dss_malloc((15 + conf.rsync_option_given) * sizeof(char *));
@@ -745,12 +1091,12 @@ static void create_rsync_argv(char ***argv, int64_t *num)
        (*argv)[i++] = dss_strdup("--delete");
        for (j = 0; j < conf.rsync_option_given; j++)
                (*argv)[i++] = dss_strdup(conf.rsync_option_arg[j]);
-       if (newest) {
-               DSS_INFO_LOG("using %s as reference snapshot\n", newest);
-               (*argv)[i++] = make_message("--link-dest=../%s", newest);
-               free(newest);
+       if (name_of_reference_snapshot) {
+               DSS_INFO_LOG("using %s as reference\n", name_of_reference_snapshot);
+               (*argv)[i++] = make_message("--link-dest=../%s",
+                       name_of_reference_snapshot);
        } else
-               DSS_INFO_LOG("no previous snapshot found\n");
+               DSS_INFO_LOG("no suitable reference snapshot found\n");
        logname = dss_logname();
        if (use_rsync_locally(logname))
                (*argv)[i++] = dss_strdup(conf.source_dir_arg);
@@ -779,16 +1125,13 @@ static void free_rsync_argv(char **argv)
 
 static int create_snapshot(char **argv)
 {
-       int ret, fds[3] = {0, 0, 0};
-       char *name;
+       int ret;
 
-       name = incomplete_name(current_snapshot_creation_time);
-       DSS_NOTICE_LOG("creating new snapshot %s\n", name);
-       free(name);
-       ret = dss_exec(&rsync_pid, argv[0], argv, fds);
+       ret = rename_resume_snap(current_snapshot_creation_time);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
-       snapshot_creation_status = SCS_RSYNC_RUNNING;
+       dss_exec(&create_pid, argv[0], argv);
+       snapshot_creation_status = HS_RUNNING;
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -801,11 +1144,10 @@ static int select_loop(void)
 
        for (;;) {
                fd_set rfds;
-               int low_disk_space;
-               struct timeval now, *tvp;
+               struct timeval *tvp;
 
-               if (rm_pid)
-                       tvp = NULL; /* sleep until rm process dies */
+               if (remove_pid)
+                       tvp = NULL; /* sleep until rm hook/process dies */
                else { /* sleep one minute */
                        tv.tv_sec = 60;
                        tv.tv_usec = 0;
@@ -813,7 +1155,6 @@ static int select_loop(void)
                }
                FD_ZERO(&rfds);
                FD_SET(signal_pipe, &rfds);
-               DSS_DEBUG_LOG("tvp: %p, tv_sec : %lu\n", tvp, (long unsigned) tv.tv_sec);
                ret = dss_select(signal_pipe + 1, &rfds, NULL, tvp);
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
@@ -822,51 +1163,54 @@ static int select_loop(void)
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;
                }
-               if (rm_pid)
+               if (remove_pid)
                        continue;
-               ret = disk_space_low();
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       goto out;
-               low_disk_space = ret;
-               ret = try_to_free_disk_space(low_disk_space);
+               if (snapshot_removal_status == HS_PRE_SUCCESS) {
+                       ret = exec_rm();
+                       if (ret < 0)
+                               goto out;
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (snapshot_removal_status == HS_SUCCESS) {
+                       post_remove_hook();
+                       continue;
+               }
+               ret = try_to_free_disk_space();
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
-               if (rm_pid) {
-                       stop_rsync_process();
+               if (snapshot_removal_status != HS_READY) {
+                       stop_create_process();
                        continue;
                }
-               restart_rsync_process();
-               gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-               if (tv_diff(&next_snapshot_time, &now, NULL) > 0)
-                       continue;
+               restart_create_process();
                switch (snapshot_creation_status) {
-               case SCS_READY:
-                       ret = pre_create_hook();
-                       if (ret < 0)
-                               goto out;
+               case HS_READY:
+                       if (!next_snapshot_is_due())
+                               continue;
+                       pre_create_hook();
                        continue;
-               case SCS_PRE_HOOK_RUNNING:
+               case HS_PRE_RUNNING:
+               case HS_RUNNING:
+               case HS_POST_RUNNING:
                        continue;
-               case SCS_RSYNC_NEEDS_RESTART:
+               case HS_PRE_SUCCESS:
+                       if (!name_of_reference_snapshot) {
+                               free_rsync_argv(rsync_argv);
+                               create_rsync_argv(&rsync_argv, &current_snapshot_creation_time);
+                       }
                        ret = create_snapshot(rsync_argv);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;
                        continue;
-               case SCS_PRE_HOOK_SUCCESS:
-                       free_rsync_argv(rsync_argv);
-                       create_rsync_argv(&rsync_argv, &current_snapshot_creation_time);
+               case HS_NEEDS_RESTART:
+                       if (!next_snapshot_is_due())
+                               continue;
                        ret = create_snapshot(rsync_argv);
                        if (ret < 0)
                                goto out;
                        continue;
-               case SCS_RSYNC_RUNNING:
-                       continue;
-               case SCS_RSYNC_SUCCESS:
-                       ret = post_create_hook();
-                       if (ret < 0)
-                               goto out;
-                       continue;
-               case SCS_POST_HOOK_RUNNING:
+               case HS_SUCCESS:
+                       post_create_hook();
                        continue;
                }
        }
@@ -876,14 +1220,15 @@ out:
 
 static void exit_hook(int exit_code)
 {
-       int fds[3] = {0, 0, 0};
-       char *argv[] = {conf.exit_hook_arg, dss_strerror(-exit_code), NULL};
+       char *argv[3];
        pid_t pid;
 
-       if (!conf.exit_hook_given)
-               return;
+       argv[0] = conf.exit_hook_arg;
+       argv[1] = dss_strerror(-exit_code);
+       argv[2] = NULL;
+
        DSS_NOTICE_LOG("executing %s %s\n", argv[0], argv[1]);
-       dss_exec(&pid, conf.exit_hook_arg, argv, fds);
+       dss_exec(&pid, conf.exit_hook_arg, argv);
 }
 
 static int com_run(void)
@@ -897,7 +1242,6 @@ static int com_run(void)
        ret = install_sighandler(SIGHUP);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
-       compute_next_snapshot_time();
        ret = select_loop();
        if (ret >= 0) /* impossible */
                ret = -E_BUG;
@@ -909,38 +1253,57 @@ static int com_prune(void)
 {
        int ret;
        struct snapshot_list sl;
+       struct snapshot *victim;
        struct disk_space ds;
+       const char *why;
 
        ret = get_disk_space(".", &ds);
        if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
        log_disk_space(&ds);
-       for (;;) {
-               dss_get_snapshot_list(&sl);
-               ret = remove_outdated_snapshot(&sl);
-               free_snapshot_list(&sl);
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       return ret;
-               if (!ret)
-                       break;
-               ret = wait_for_rm_process();
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       goto out;
+       dss_get_snapshot_list(&sl);
+       why = "outdated";
+       victim = find_outdated_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (victim)
+               goto rm;
+       why = "redundant";
+       victim = find_redundant_snapshot(&sl);
+       if (victim)
+               goto rm;
+       ret = 0;
+       goto out;
+rm:
+       if (conf.dry_run_given) {
+               dss_msg("%s snapshot %s (interval = %i)\n",
+                       why, victim->name, victim->interval);
+               ret = 0;
+               goto out;
        }
-       for (;;) {
-               dss_get_snapshot_list(&sl);
-               ret = remove_redundant_snapshot(&sl);
-               free_snapshot_list(&sl);
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       return ret;
-               if (!ret)
-                       break;
-               ret = wait_for_rm_process();
+       pre_remove_hook(victim, why);
+       if (snapshot_removal_status == HS_PRE_RUNNING) {
+               ret = wait_for_remove_process();
                if (ret < 0)
                        goto out;
+               if (snapshot_removal_status != HS_PRE_SUCCESS)
+                       goto out;
        }
-       return 1;
+       ret = exec_rm();
+       if (ret < 0)
+               goto out;
+       ret = wait_for_remove_process();
+       if (ret < 0)
+               goto out;
+       if (snapshot_removal_status != HS_SUCCESS)
+               goto out;
+       post_remove_hook();
+       if (snapshot_removal_status != HS_POST_RUNNING)
+               goto out;
+       ret = wait_for_remove_process();
+       if (ret < 0)
+               goto out;
+       ret = 1;
 out:
+       free_snapshot_list(&sl);
        return ret;
 }
 
@@ -964,30 +1327,28 @@ static int com_create(void)
                free(msg);
                return 1;
        }
-       ret = pre_create_hook();
-       if (ret < 0)
-               return ret;
-       if (pre_create_hook_pid) {
-               ret = wait_for_process(pre_create_hook_pid, &status);
+       pre_create_hook();
+       if (create_pid) {
+               ret = wait_for_process(create_pid, &status);
                if (ret < 0)
                        return ret;
                ret = handle_pre_create_hook_exit(status);
-               if (ret < 0)
+               if (ret <= 0) /* error, or pre-create failed */
                        return ret;
        }
        create_rsync_argv(&rsync_argv, &current_snapshot_creation_time);
        ret = create_snapshot(rsync_argv);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
-       ret = wait_for_process(rsync_pid, &status);
+       ret = wait_for_process(create_pid, &status);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
        ret = handle_rsync_exit(status);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
        post_create_hook();
-       if (post_create_hook_pid)
-               ret = wait_for_process(post_create_hook_pid, &status);
+       if (create_pid)
+               ret = wait_for_process(create_pid, &status);
 out:
        free_rsync_argv(rsync_argv);
        return ret;
@@ -1046,11 +1407,26 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
        ret = parse_config_file(0);
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
+       if (ret == 0) { /* no config file given */
+               /*
+                * Parse the command line options again, but this time check
+                * that all required options are given.
+                */
+               params = (struct cmdline_parser_params) {
+                       .override = 1,
+                       .initialize = 1,
+                       .check_required = 1,
+                       .check_ambiguity = 1,
+                       .print_errors = 1
+               };
+               cmdline_parser_ext(argc, argv, &conf, &params); /* aborts on errors */
+       }
        if (conf.daemon_given)
                daemon_init();
        ret = change_to_dest_dir();
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;
+       dump_dss_config("startup");
        ret = setup_signal_handling();
        if (ret < 0)
                goto out;