+#define hex(a) (hexchar[(a) & 15])
+static void write_size_header(char *buf, int n)
+{
+ static char hexchar[] = "0123456789abcdef";
+
+ buf[0] = hex(n >> 12);
+ buf[1] = hex(n >> 8);
+ buf[2] = hex(n >> 4);
+ buf[3] = hex(n);
+ buf[4] = ' ';
+}
+
+int read_size_header(const char *buf)
+{
+ int i, len = 0;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+ unsigned char c = buf[i];
+ len <<= 4;
+ if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') {
+ len += c - '0';
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') {
+ len += c - 'a' + 10;
+ continue;
+ }
+ return -E_SIZE_PREFIX;
+ }
+ if (buf[4] != ' ')
+ return -E_SIZE_PREFIX;
+ return len;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Safely print into a buffer at a given offset.
+ *
+ * \param b Determines the buffer, its size, and the offset.
+ * \param fmt The format string.
+ *
+ * This function prints into the buffer given by \a b at the offset which is
+ * also given by \a b. If there is not enough space to hold the result, the
+ * buffer size is doubled until the underlying call to vsnprintf() succeeds
+ * or the size of the buffer exceeds the maximal size specified in \a b.
+ *
+ * In the latter case the unmodified \a buf and \a offset values as well as the
+ * private_data pointer of \a b are passed to the \a max_size_handler of \a b.
+ * If this function succeeds, i.e. returns a non-negative value, the offset of
+ * \a b is reset to zero and the given data is written to the beginning of the
+ * buffer. If \a max_size_handler() returns a negative value, this value is
+ * returned by \a para_printf().
+ *
+ * Upon return, the offset of \a b is adjusted accordingly so that subsequent
+ * calls to this function append data to what is already contained in the
+ * buffer.
+ *
+ * It's OK to call this function with \p b->buf being \p NULL. In this case, an
+ * initial buffer is allocated.
+ *
+ * \return The number of bytes printed into the buffer (not including the
+ * terminating \p NULL byte) on success, negative on errors. If there is no
+ * size-bound on \a b, i.e. if \p b->max_size is zero, this function never
+ * fails.
+ *
+ * \sa make_message(), vsnprintf(3).
+ */
+__printf_2_3 int para_printf(struct para_buffer *b, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+ int ret, sz_off = (b->flags & PBF_SIZE_PREFIX)? 5 : 0;
+
+ if (!b->buf) {
+ b->buf = para_malloc(128);
+ b->size = 128;
+ b->offset = 0;
+ }
+ while (1) {
+ char *p = b->buf + b->offset;
+ size_t size = b->size - b->offset;
+ va_list ap;
+
+ if (size > sz_off) {
+ va_start(ap, fmt);
+ ret = vsnprintf(p + sz_off, size - sz_off, fmt, ap);
+ va_end(ap);
+ if (ret > -1 && ret < size - sz_off) { /* success */
+ b->offset += ret + sz_off;
+ if (sz_off)
+ write_size_header(p, ret);
+ return ret + sz_off;
+ }
+ }
+ /* check if we may grow the buffer */
+ if (!b->max_size || 2 * b->size < b->max_size) { /* yes */
+ /* try again with more space */
+ b->size *= 2;
+ b->buf = para_realloc(b->buf, b->size);
+ continue;
+ }
+ /* can't grow buffer */
+ if (!b->offset || !b->max_size_handler) /* message too large */
+ return -ERRNO_TO_PARA_ERROR(ENOSPC);
+ ret = b->max_size_handler(b->buf, b->offset, b->private_data);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+ b->offset = 0;
+ }
+}
+
+/** \cond LLONG_MAX and LLONG_LIN might not be defined. */
+#ifndef LLONG_MAX
+#define LLONG_MAX (1 << (sizeof(long) - 1))
+#endif
+#ifndef LLONG_MIN
+#define LLONG_MIN (-LLONG_MAX - 1LL)
+#endif
+/** \endcond */
+
+/**
+ * Convert a string to a 64-bit signed integer value.
+ *
+ * \param str The string to be converted.
+ * \param value Result pointer.
+ *
+ * \return Standard.
+ *
+ * \sa para_atoi32(), strtol(3), atoi(3).
+ */
+int para_atoi64(const char *str, int64_t *value)
+{
+ char *endptr;
+ long long tmp;
+
+ errno = 0; /* To distinguish success/failure after call */
+ tmp = strtoll(str, &endptr, 10);
+ if (errno == ERANGE && (tmp == LLONG_MAX || tmp == LLONG_MIN))
+ return -E_ATOI_OVERFLOW;
+ if (errno != 0 && tmp == 0) /* other error */
+ return -E_STRTOLL;
+ if (endptr == str)
+ return -E_ATOI_NO_DIGITS;
+ if (*endptr != '\0') /* Further characters after number */
+ return -E_ATOI_JUNK_AT_END;
+ *value = tmp;
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Convert a string to a 32-bit signed integer value.
+ *
+ * \param str The string to be converted.
+ * \param value Result pointer.
+ *
+ * \return Standard.
+ *
+ * \sa para_atoi64().
+*/
+int para_atoi32(const char *str, int32_t *value)
+{
+ int64_t tmp;
+ int ret;
+ const int32_t max = 2147483647;
+
+ ret = para_atoi64(str, &tmp);
+ if (ret < 0)
+ return ret;
+ if (tmp > max || tmp < -max - 1)
+ return -E_ATOI_OVERFLOW;
+ *value = tmp;
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static inline int loglevel_equal(const char *arg, const char * const ll)
+{
+ return !strncasecmp(arg, ll, strlen(ll));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compute the loglevel number from its name.
+ *
+ * \param txt The name of the loglevel (debug, info, ...).
+ *
+ * \return The numeric representation of the loglevel name.
+ */
+int get_loglevel_by_name(const char *txt)
+{
+ if (loglevel_equal(txt, "debug"))
+ return LL_DEBUG;
+ if (loglevel_equal(txt, "info"))
+ return LL_INFO;
+ if (loglevel_equal(txt, "notice"))
+ return LL_NOTICE;
+ if (loglevel_equal(txt, "warning"))
+ return LL_WARNING;
+ if (loglevel_equal(txt, "error"))
+ return LL_ERROR;
+ if (loglevel_equal(txt, "crit"))
+ return LL_CRIT;
+ if (loglevel_equal(txt, "emerg"))
+ return LL_EMERG;
+ return -1;